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Blog Post number 4

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Published: August 14, 2015

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Blog Post number 3

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Published: August 14, 2014

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Blog Post number 2

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Published: August 14, 2013

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Blog Post number 1

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Published: August 14, 2012

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Published: October 16, 2024

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publications

The Look Over Your Shoulder: Unethical Behaviour Decreases in the Physical Presence of Observers

PsyArXiV (2019)

The presence of an observing others curbs unethical behavior, while mere presence of an (unobserving) other does not. The influence of an observing other is not qualified by payoff structure or social proximity.

Recommended citation: Köbis, N., van der Lingen, S., Dores Cruz, T. D., Iragorri-Carter, D., van Prooijen, J., Righetti, F., & van Lange, P. (2019, February 5). The Look Over Your Shoulder: Unethical Behaviour Decreases in the Physical Presence of Observers. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/gxu96

Preprint

Getting a Grip on the Grapevine: Extension and Factor Structure of the Motives to Gossip Questionnaire

Frontiers in Psychology (2019)

The Motives to Gossip Questionnaire was extended with an emotion venting scale. The five factor structure was supported and fully invariant across gossip definitions. FIND THE ITEMS HERE

Recommended citation: Dores Cruz, T. D., Balliet, D., Sleebos, E., Beersma, B., Van Kleef, G. A., & Gallucci, M. (2019). Getting a Grip on the Grapevine: Extension and Factor Structure of the Motives to Gossip Questionnaire. Frontiers in Psychology, 10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01190

Open Access to Paper

The Bright and Dark Side of Gossip for Cooperation in Groups

Frontiers in Psychology (2019)

Two studies indicate gossip has positive and negative aspects for cooperation in groups, these aspects depend on situational factors and agent perspectives.

Recommended citation: Dores Cruz, T. D., Beersma, B., Dijkstra, M. T. M., & Bechtoldt, M. N. (2019). The Bright and Dark Side of Gossip for Cooperation in Groups. Frontiers in Psychology, 10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01374

Open Access to Paper | OSF Page

Disgust, Anger, and Aggression: Further Tests of the Equivalence of Moral Emotions

Collabra: Psychology (2020)

Disgust (but not anger) was related to indirect aggression whereas anger (but not disgust) was related to direct aggression, and disgust was higher toward other-targeting violations whereas anger was higher toward self-targeting violations.

Recommended citation: Tybur, J. M., Molho, C., Cakmak, B., Dores Cruz, T. D., Singh, G. D., & Zwicker, M. (2020). Disgust, Anger, and Aggression: Further Tests of the Equivalence of Moral Emotions. Collabra: Psychology, 6(1). https://doi.org/10.1525/collabra.349

Open Access to Paper | OSF Page

A creative destruction approach to replication: Implicit work and sex morality across cultures

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology (2021)

Work is intuitively moralized across cultures.

Recommended citation: Tierney, W., Hardy, J., Ebersole, C. R., Viganola, D., Clemente, E. G., Gordon, M., Hoogeveen, S., Haaf, J., Dreber, A., Johannesson, M., Pfeiffer, T., Huang, J. L., Vaughn, L. A., DeMarree, K., Igou, E. R., Chapman, H., Gantman, A., Vanaman, M., Wylie, J., … Uhlmann, E. L. (2021). A creative destruction approach to replication: Implicit work and sex morality across cultures. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 93, 104060. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2020.104060

Open Access to Paper | OSF Page

An Integrative Definition and Framework to Study Gossip

Group & Organization Management (2021)

We systematically reviewed of all definition of gossip in the scientific literature. First, we define gossip as a sender communicating to a receiver about a target, who is absent or unaware of the content. Second, we propose an integrative to study gossip as varying in valence and formality.

Recommended citation: Dores Cruz, T. D., Nieper, A. S., Testori, M., Martinescu, E., & Beersma, B. (2021). An Integrative Definition and Framework to Study Gossip. Group Organization Management, 46(2), 252–285. https://doi.org/10.1177/1059601121992887

Open Access to Paper | OSF Page

Gossip about Coronavirus: Infection status and norm adherence shape social responses

Group Processes & Intergroup Relations (2021)

We presented participants with gossip relevant to the Coronavirus pandemic. Results showed people tended to believe gossip and that gossip influenced behavioral intentions to avoid and punish targets of gossip as well as the perception of targets. We conclude that gossip, while potentially unreliable, could affect how people treat group members.

Recommended citation: Dores Cruz, T. D., van der Lee, R., & Beersma, B. (2021). Gossip about Coronavirus: Infection status and norm adherence shape social responses. Group Processes & Intergroup Relations, 24(4), 658–679. https://doi.org/10.1177/1368430221991232

Open Access to Paper | OSF Page

Honesty and dishonesty in gossip strategies: a fitness interdependence analysis

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B (2021)

Theoretical paper outlining when gossiper should share honest versus dishonest information based on the interdependence structure in which gossip occurs and the marginal costs/benefits of gossip

Recommended citation: Wu, J., Számadó, S., Barclay, P., Beersma, B., Dores Cruz, T. D., Iacono, S. L., Nieper, A. S., Peters, K., Przepiorka, W., Tiokhin, L., & Van Lange, P. A. M. (2021). Honesty and dishonesty in gossip strategies: a fitness interdependence analysis. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 376(1838). https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2020.0300

Open Access to Paper

Gossip and Reputation in Everyday Life

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B (2021)

Large experience sampling study showing people use gossip in daily life gossip efficiently impact and update reputations in a way that enables partner selection and indirect reciprocity.

Recommended citation: Dores Cruz, T. D., Thielmann, I., Columbus, S., Molho, C., Wu, J., Righetti, F., de Vries, R. E., Koutsoumpis, A., van Lange, P. A. M., Beersma, B., & Balliet, D. (2021). Gossip and Reputation in Everyday Life. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B. 376(1838). https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2020.0301

Open Access to Paper | OSF Page

Prosocial and punishment behaviors in everyday life

Current Opinion in Psychology (2021)

Review paper outlining how research can benefit from studying prosocial and punishment behaviors in daily life using experience sampling and diary methods that document natural phenomena.

Recommended citation: Balliet, D., Molho, C., Columbus, S., & Dores Cruz, T. D. (2022). Prosocial and punishment behaviors in everyday life. Current Opinion in Psychology, 43, 278–283. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copsyc.2021.08.015

Open Access to Paper

Hostile media perception affects news bias, but not news sharing intentions

Royal Society Open Science (2022)

Partisans perceive neutral coverage of news by outlets opposite to their political leaning as biased, even when we account for their prior beliefs regarding the media outlet and news content.

Recommended citation: Lo Iacono, S., & Dores Cruz, T.D. (2022). Hostile media perception affects news bias, but not news sharing intentions. Royal Society Open Science, 9(4). https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.211504

Open Access to Paper | OSF Page

How political orientation, economic precarity, and participant demographics impact compliance with COVID-19 prevention measures in a Dutch representative sample

Acta Politica (2022)

[shared first authorship] Our results suggest that political, demographic, and economic precarity related predictors are important in shaping measure compliance as well as attitudes and policy support and should all be considered for a comprehensive understanding of individuals’ responses to COVID-19 measures.

Recommended citation: Martinescu, E., Dores Cruz, T. D., Etienne, T. W., & Krouwel, A. (2022). How political orientation, economic precarity, and participant demographics impact compliance with COVID-19 prevention measures in a Dutch representative sample. Acta Politica, 58(2), 337–358. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41269-022-00246-7

Open Access to Paper

Nasty and Noble Notes: Interdependence Structures Drive Self-Serving Gossip

Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin (2023)

We found that the interdependence between the parties involved in gossip (sender, receiver, and target) shapes whether gossip is more likely trustworthy versus untrustworthy. In a scenario study and an interactive experiment, gossip was more likely false when senders were interdependent with targets.

Recommended citation: Dores Cruz, T. D., van der Lee, R., Bechtoldt, M. N., & Beersma, B. (2023). Nasty and Noble Notes: Interdependence Structures Drive Self-Serving Gossip. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 014616722311710. https://doi.org/10.1177/01461672231171054

Open Access to Paper | OSF Page

What Matters Most in Supporting Cooperation, the Gossip Content or the Gossiper’s Intention? Simulating Motive Interpretation in Gossip Dynamics

Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation (2023)

Gossip enhances decision-making and adaptation but can have negative consequences if misinterpreted; our model shows that cooperation can be sustained if individuals disregard unreliable gossipers.

Recommended citation: Testori, M., Giardini, F., Hemelrijk, C. K., Dores Cruz, T. D., & Beersma, B. (2023). What Matters Most in Supporting Cooperation, the Gossip Content or the Gossiper’s Intention? Simulating Motive Interpretation in Gossip Dynamics. Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation, 26(4). https://doi.org/10.18564/jasss.5194

Open Access to Paper | OSF Page

Punishing or praising gossipers: How people interpret the motives driving negative gossip shapes its consequences

Social and Personality Psychology Compass (2023)

[shared first authorship] Negative gossip fosters cooperation, but gossipers face social costs; our study shows that receivers’ interpretations of gossip motives influence their trust in gossipers, with those better at overcoming intuition more accurately identifying pro-social motives, leading to greater trust.

Recommended citation: Testori, M., Dores Cruz, T. D., & Beersma, B. (2023). Punishing or praising gossipers: How people interpret the motives driving negative gossip shapes its consequences. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 18(2). Portico. https://doi.org/10.1111/spc3.12924

Open Access to Paper | OSF Page

The Importance of Conceptual Clarity and Methodological Diversity for Studying Confidential Gossip – a Response and Addition to Fan et al. (2021)

Collabra: Psychology (2024)

Fan, Grey, and Kärreman (2021) highlight the unique role of confidential gossip in organizations, but we propose three amendments: define gossip clearly, predict how confidentiality influences gossip dynamics, and employ diverse research methods to better understand its impact.

Recommended citation: Beersma, B., Martinescu, E., Testori, M., Dores Cruz, T.D., & Nieper, A. (2024). The Importance of Conceptual Clarity and Methodological Diversity for Studying Confidential Gossip – a Response and Addition to Fan et al. (2021). Collabra: Psychology, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.1525/collabra.92934

Open Access to Paper

The Cooperative and Competitive Functions of Gossip

Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Repository (2024)

This dissertation defines gossip as “a sender communicating to a receiver about a target who is absent,” exploring its characteristics of valence and formality. It shows that gossip can promote cooperation through reputation building and positive/negative feedback, while also serving competitive functions by manipulating impressions for selfish gain, with context and interdependence structures determining its function.

Recommended citation: Dores Cruz, T. D. (2024). The Cooperative and Competitive Functions of Gossip. [Doctoral Dissertation, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam]. Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Repository. https://doi.org/10.5463/thesis.548

Open Access to Paper | OSF Page